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Reading Endorsement - Competency 3
Foundations of Assessment
In this course, teachers will understand how to select and administer appropriate assessments and analyze data to inform reading instruction to meet the needs of students. Teachers will engage in the systematic problem solving process: use data to accurately identify problems, analyze those problems, design and implement interventions, evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, and intensify instruction based on individual student needs.
According to Timothy Rasinski, fluency is defined as a multidimentional process which requires reading at an appropriate fast pace with good expression and phrasing that reflects solid understanding of a reading passage. In this case, the use of accuracy in speech, appropriate speed, and phrasing and expression by the speaker helps the listener understand more easily.
ReplyDeleteReading fluency,according to the author, is a bridge between word decoding and comprehension which consists of 3 distinct, but interrelated components: accuracy in word decoding, automaticity in word recognition and expressive and meaningful interpretation of text. Reading fluency affects reading comprehension and is much more than reading fast: it is reading at an appropriate rate with good expression and phrasing that reflects solid understanding of the passage.
ReplyDeleteIn the article the author refers to reading fluency as an accurate and automatic decoding of the words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text, to achieve optimal comprehension. In other words, fluency will affect how well readers will understand what they read. It is a bridge between the two major components of reading: word decoding and comprehension. When the students put too much effort for word decoding they cannot understand what they are reading.
ReplyDeleteRasinski compares reading fluency to public speaking. Rasinski states that in order to be a fluent public speaker one must possess accuracy in speech, appropriate speed and appropriate phrasing and expression in order for the listener to obtain good comprehension. In order to have good reading fluency one should be accurate in the way words are pronounced. The tone and speed should be moderate;meaning respecting commas,periods,etc. Rasinski also stresses the need for expressive & meaningful interpretation of text. After reading the article, my interpretation of reading fluency is that it involves accurate speech,speed, phrasing and expression.
ReplyDeleteThis article is based in the real problem of comprehension “Fluency”. According to the author, It is the bridge between word identification and constructing meaning. They said is the ability to read with accuracy, expression, phrasing, appropriate rate, and comprehension.
ReplyDeleteFluency is vital to comprehension and it is one of the most common reading problems. Modeling and rereading of texts are necessary to promote fluency development. Such as, repeated readings, use of poetry, choral reading, reader’s theater, modeling and pair oral readings.
They also talk about that fluency has three components:
1.The first is accuracy in word decoding: readers must be able to sound out words in text with few errors.
2.The second is automatic processing. This is when the reader uses little to minimal effort in decoding text, saving their energy for comprehension.
3.The third is prosody reading. It’s linguistic concept that refers to such features in oral language as intonation, pitch, stress, pauses and the duration place on specific syllables.
They explain that we can monitor Oral Reading Fluency using the Multidimensional Fluency Scale. For example: Dimension, phrasing, smoothness and Pace. In addition, establishing baseline fluency scores helps determine students’ fluency goals. In conclusion, Fluency is increased when students develop instant, efficient word, recognition, practice repeated reading of texts and receive feedback and guidance from others.
Oral reading performance has the potential to transform a self- conscious student into a star performer- especially when he or she is coached and given opportunities to practice. Oral reading is the vehicle that allows them to find their voices.
Reading fluency is a crucial component of how well a student is able to comprehend what they read. According to the article, fluency is multidimensional. Fluent readers must read words accurately and automatically, with little effort, along with good prosody or expressive interpretation of the text. When readers spend too much effort decoding while they read, they read too slowly and comprehension is lost. When readers read too fast, they fail to pay attention to what they have read. Fluency assessments help teachers pinpoint deficiencies and design appropriate strategies to guide instruction.
ReplyDeleteReading fluency is a key component to an individual's source of communication. As defined in the article fluency is "accuracy in speech, appropriate speed, and phrasing and expression." Fluency is the ability to decode words and comprehension. Without these abilities an individual would not only struggle when reading but also when speaking. Lack of fluency also contributes to limited vocabulary and verbal communication ability.
ReplyDeleteReaders are so focused on trying to sound words out that they can’t concentrate on what is being read. In this article it sates, if readers spend most of their time decoding words, then they will not comprehend what was read. You can know if a reaader is getting a better understanding of what they are reading if they are using the appropriate tone, phrasing, volume, and other types of oral expression while reading. However, one must be aware of readers that read to quickly because that could also be hindering their comprehension.
ReplyDeleteE.Garcia said...
ReplyDeleteIn the article by Timothy Rasinski the author explains that fluency is a bridge between word decoding and comprehension.
The statement that explains for me best fluency is the one that defines fluency as a multidimensional process which requires accuracy in word decoding, automatic recognition of words in connection to text, and expressive understanding of the meaning of text. Teachers must teach and monitore them.
In the article by Timothy Rasinski, the author states that Reading fluency as a bridge between the two major components of reading, word decoding and comprehension. At one end of the bridge, fluency connects to accuracy and automaticity in decoding. At the other end, fluency connects to comprehension though prosody, or expressive interpretation. These components of reading fluency are reflected in two major theories or explanations.
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article -Fluency is reading at an appropriately rate with good expression and phrasing that reflects solid understanding of the passage. Since fluency is multidimensional, methods of assessment must capture its multidimensional nature. Reading fluency is one that shows its connection to word decoding and comprehension, and presents some simple but effective methods for assessing student reading progress both in fluency and general achievement.
ReplyDeleteReading Fluency is a step forward to Reading understanding. The article, “Assessing Reading Fluency by Thomas V. Rasinski, let us understand in depth what children need to do and what assessment teachers and facilitators must use in order to accomplish certain goals in the acquisition of reading comprehension skills. In this article reading fluency is tight up to three significant elements: accuracy, automaticity and prosody. Fluency is very vital in reading since it does affect how well students understand what they read. “A good analogy for understanding reading fluency comes from public speaking.” Accuracy in speech, appropriate rate and phrasing and expression are important elements associated with reading fluency. The rate that the reader has plays an important role in reading comprehension. The slower the reading pace, the slower the comprehension will be. Most educators take a long time referring students because misled aspects related to reading comprehension. A connection definitely exists between the actual reading and the elements that build up the comprehension.
ReplyDeleteTeachers should take into consideration different procedures to evaluate children’s accuracy and rate in the reading process. The article gives examples of teachers recommending students when they feel that students are showing any kind of reading problems. The author gives us examples; and also showed a variety of assessments to grade students according to their reading difficulties. Students can also use some of the fluency test to self evaluate themselves and improve their reading rate. Fluency assessments provide the students, the teachers and the parents with proper information about the reading rate and possible problems related to the necessary reading skills and their acquisition of the some elements. These elements play a critical role in the children reading process. I do agree 100% with Dr. Rasinski when he quoted, “Reading is more than reading fast.” Reading is comprehending, good pronunciation and intonation and also understanding the context in order to make sense. There is for sure, a significant connect ion with word decoding and comprehension. Accurate use of assessment sin order to improve children accuracy is a great source for teachers that are willing to go the extra mile for the benefit of students’ progress.
Fluency is a key aspect in comprehending what is being read. According to the article in order to achieve fluency which will enable comprehension one must be able to accurately and automatically decode the words in the text, along with expressively interpreting the text. The article refers to some simple and effective assessments which can indicate how a student is performing. The results of these assessments will allow for more effective and guided teaching which will benefit the student's progress in both fluency and comprehension. These assessments may also serve as a tool for teachers, parents, and students to show what can be done to improve in reading. If teachers provide the kind of instruction in fluency that is effective, then a student's comprehension, fluency, and reate will improve.
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article fluency is more than reading fast: it is reading at an appropriately fast rate with good expression and phrasing that reflects solid understanding of the passage. The slower the reading pace, the slower the comprehension will be. Sometimes when teachers says fluency you automatically think of speed. Yes, speed does have to do with it but I agree that expression, intonation, and phrasing combined with it leads to better comprehension of the text.
ReplyDeleteAs stated in the article, The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), for example, found that nearly half of American fourth graders had not achieved a minimal level of fluency in their reading, which was associated with significant difficulties in comprehension while reading silently (Pinnell et al., 1995).
ReplyDeleteI completely agree with this statement. As a fourth grade teacher myself, I see that each year more and more students are entering the classroom without achieving a minimal level of fluency in their reading. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain comprehension when instead of reading the child is decoding words throughout the entire text. I feel that at times we skip through steps and want to jump right into comprehension (besides, isn’t that what FCAT is testing anyways) and unintentionally hindering our students.
"Reading fluency: bridge between the two major components of reading – word decoding and comprehension"
ReplyDeleteThis is perfect! I was unable to post the image that came to mind, but there is was, a rainbow with a pot of gold at the end (decoding at the beginning, comprehension at the end!) I didn't understand that fluency was just as important as the rest of the reading components until I started taking these courses. One of my students is a very good, slow reader, but that is her nature! She understands the content perfectly. However, some other students take very long to decode words, and at the end, they get lost in the reading.
Reading Comprehension is not reading fast or slow,it’s reading at an appropriate rate stopping after each passage to ask yourself questions about the text. According to Rasinki(2003) hearing someone read aloud increases the students vocabulary,comprehension, and motivation for reading. It also provides a model of how a passage may be interpreted orally. I agree with this statement , if you model the reading the student sees the words and hears the correct pronounciaton. While reading emphasize certain words, raise and lower volume, read ina different voice all this motiviates the listener and helps with comprehension.
ReplyDeleteIn the article,fluency is defined as a critical component of learning to read.According to Rasinski,"Reading fluency refers to accurate and automatic decoding of the words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text."Fluency (Accuracy in speech, appropriate speed, and phrasing and expression) is essential to understand the written text.The article emphasizes that effective readers not only need to decode words accurately but they also need to decode them effortlessly or automatically and read with prosody.
ReplyDeleteIn this article the author compares reading fluency to public speaking. Rasinski states that in order to be a fluent public speaker one must possess accuracy in speech, appropriate speed and appropriate phrasing and expression in order for the listener to obtain good comprehension. He also states that reading fluency is a critical component of learning to read and that an effective reading program needs to include instruction in fluency. Fluency is a combination between decoding and reading comprehension. Fluent readers decode words accurately and automatically, without (or with minimal) use of their limited attention or conscious cognitive resources.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Timothy V. Rasinski fluency is "accurate and automatic decoding of the words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text, to achieve optimal comprehension."
ReplyDeleteAs I read the article I just kept thinking of a student I have. She is an excellent reader-one who reads automatic, has great vocabulary, reads with intonation but does not have good comprehension. As teachers, we need to remember that fluency is not just reading fluently (correctly decoding)but also comprehending.
Fluency is multidemensional-accuracy in word decoding, quick recognition of words, stress expressive and meaningful interpretation of text.
The statement that best defined fluency for me was the following: "In essence reading fluency refers to accurate and automatic decoding of words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text to achieve optimal comprehension.
ReplyDeleteReading Fluency us a crucial and key component of how well an individuals level of comprehension is able to be communicated. The article defines fluency as "accuracy in speech, appropriate speed, and pharasing & expression". Monitoring a students progress can be gained through monitoring thier tone, phrasing, volumn, and other types of oral expression. It is my firm belief that if these things are monitored accurately, success within reading fluency will be achieved.
ReplyDeleten flores
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article, "Reading fluency is a connection between two major component of reading, word decoding and comprehension. Also in the article he mentioned that fluency is more than just reading fast. Fluency is reading at an appropritely fast rate with good expression and understanding what you have read.
Assessing Reading Fluency is intended to assist practitioners in monitoring students' fluency development. Assesments are discussed in terms of three components of fluency:
ReplyDeleteAccuracy, or accurate decoding of words in text;
Automaticity, or decoding words with minimal use of attentional resources; and prosody; or the appropriate of phrasing and expression to convey meaning.
For years teachers thought that if students could learn to decode words accurately, they would be successful in reading printed text. While it is true that accuracy in decoding is important for fluency, it is not the entire story. Readers not only need to decode the words accurately; they also need to decode them effortlessly or qutomatically. The ability to read with appropriate phrasing and expression (interpretation) is also important for fluency. In essence, reading fluency refers to accurate and automatic decoding of the words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text, to achieve optimal comprehension. Fluency is important in reading, then, because it affects how well readers understand what they read.
According to Tim Rasinski, for a student to read fluently they not only need to decode the words accurately; they also need to decode them effortlessly or automatically. In essence, reading fluency refers to accurate and automatic decoding of the words in the text, along with expressive interpretation of the text, to achieve optimal comprehension. Fluency affects how well readers understand what they read. In a sense, reading fluency is multidimensional – one dimension stresses the importance of accuracy in word decoding, a second dimension focuses on quick and automatic recognition of words in connected text, and a third dimension stresses expressive and meaningful interpretation of text. These dimensions are related to one another – accurate and automatic reading creates the conditions for expressive reading. All three are important for effective comprehension and overall good reading. All must be taught, and all must be monitored.
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article, "Reading fluency is a connection between two major component of reading, word decoding and comprehension. Having fluency wile reading is a critical component to the communication process. As defined in the article fluency is "accuracy in speech, appropriate speed, and phrasing and expression." Fluency is the ability to decode words and comprehension. A person will not struggle while reading when this ability is mastered. Also, limited vocabulary will seriously affect fluency of an individual.
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